France's prime minister plans to meet unions on Wednesday to discuss security and has vowed a "massive" police deployment at protests, following riots in the past week that led to curfews and arrests.

The eurozone's second-largest economy was rocked on the weekend by some of its worst rioting in recent years, just six months before voters head to the polls to elect a successor to President Emmanuel Macron.

Sebastien Lecornu will meet with representatives from five unions on Wednesday morning to discuss "ways and means to guarantee the essential freedom to demonstrate" according to a letter sent to the organisations, which noted some were attempting to subvert the protests with "unacceptable acts."

More protests centred over rising living costs are planned on Saturday, organised by the "Yellow Vest" movement and high school students, with another called for November 5 by labour unions.

School students have not been invited to the Wednesday meeting.

Images of clashes, mobs looting stores and public buildings set ablaze last weekend prompted several countries, including the United States, China and Germany, to issue travel advisories for their citizens in France.

Facing angry lawmakers in parliament, Lecornu acknowledged that the security response had fallen short and promised a stronger approach ahead of the new wave of protests.

"The deployment for next Saturday will be massive," Lecornu said.

Arrests and investigations

French authorities announced on Monday partial curfews in Paris and other cities, and Lecornu said fresh ones would be imposed on Tuesday where needed.

The nighttime curfew in the capital, from 2100 GMT Tuesday, applied to Republique square in the centre-east and Les Halles shopping district in the centre.

A ban on public gatherings was also ordered for the Champs-Elysees, near several public buildings, and at train stations.

Paris police ordered a temporary ban on people carrying cans or bottles of petrol or gas, after mobs set fire to government buildings and shops last weekend.

Security forces arrested a man believed to be connected to the ultra-left over the burning down of a historic town hall in Limoges, whose destruction has become a symbol of the violence.Authorities have faced criticism from parties across the political spectrum, with far-right presidential candidate Marine Le Pen describing the unrest as a "wake-up call" that exposed a "profound crisis" of authority.

Recent polling suggests Le Pen leading first-round presidential voting intentions by a wide margin and far-left candidate Jean-Luc Melenchon emerging as the strongest contender for the runoff.

Lecornu has accused ultra-left radical groups of forging an "insurrectionary plan" that led to the riots.

In a sign of growing political scrutiny over the street violence, lawmakers from across France's fractured parliament agreed on Tuesday to launch a parliamentary inquiry into the unrest, including possible intelligence failures, policing tactics and the government's preparedness.

Investors have sold off French debt in recent weeks amid rising doubts about the government's ability to rein in spending.

Nearly 150 people had been jailed and more than 800 brought before the courts, according to the justice minister.

Interior Minister Laurent Nunez offered to resign on Sunday, saying police "had lost control" during the unrest. Macron rejected his resignation and Nunez was also set to attend Wednesday's meeting with union representatives.

Other European countries have seen demonstrations over rising prices, with smaller clashes breaking out in Italy's financial centre of Milan as well as in Belgium over the weekend.

US President Donald Trump has seized on the unrest in France to amplify his anti-immigration and anti-Islam rhetoric, at a time when his Republican party is facing headwinds in upcoming midterm elections.

Trump launched into a lengthy tirade at a midterms rally Monday in Kansas, saying France was being "conquered, looted, and burned to the ground by migrants, jihadists, and communists."

Several analysts have countered Trump's rhetoric, saying immigration was not a driving force in France's unrest.